Thai-Cambodian Conflict: Preah Vihear & Cross-Border Issues

Thai-Cambodian conflict
The question of the belonging of the ancient
temple complex Preahvihear (Phra Vihan) and
the adjacent territories
In the late XIX early XX
centuries
France (which
controlled
Cambodia as
part of French
Indochina) and
Siam (modern
Thailand)
began to
demarcate the
borders
The 1904 treaty between
France and Siam
The French map
The ICJ ruled the Preah Vihear temple belonged
to Cambodia, based on Thailand's long-standing
acceptance of a 1907 French map
Armed clashes in
2009-2011
▪ Cambodia's border
hub Poipet has
become a major
center for online
fraud, with up to
150,000 people in
slave-like conditions
▪ Up to $12.5 billion
annually
In June 2025, Thai Prime Minister publicly called Poipet
the center of fraud. Thailand has begun active actions
to block the channels of financing and logistics of
scammers.
A long-term solution is impossible without
resolving the delimitation of the border
on the basis of decisions of the
International Court of Justice and
without reducing the level of nationalist
rhetoric and taking into account new
economic realities, such as the fight
against cross-border crime.
Thank you for your attention