Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ
ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
«Чеченский государственный университет»
Кафедра английского языка
Хариханова Бэлла Адлановна
УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ
ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ 3 КУРСА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ОТДЕЛЕНИЯ
ПО КУРСУ «ЛЕКСИКОЛОГИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОГО
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА»
Грозный 2015
1
Печатается по разрешению Ученого совета
Чеченского государственного университета
протокол № 8 от 28.11.13 г.
Рецензенты: А.А. Яхъяева, кан.фил.наук, доцент кафедры
французского языка ЧГУ
Т.Т. Абдулкадырова, кан.пед.наук, зав.кафедрой
иностранных языков ЧИПКРО
Составитель: Хариханова Бэлла Адлановна
ст. преподаватель кафедры английского языка
Данное
учебное
пособие
по
английского
языка»
предназначено
«Лексикологии
для
современного
студентов
III
курса
английского отделения факультета иностранных языков.
Пособие состоит из плана семинарских занятий из 13 уроков,
основанных на программных требованиях. В уроках даются задания
и вопросы для усвоения наиболее важные моменты в изучении
данного аспекта.
Практические цели учебного пособия предполагают усвоение
основ частной лексикологии, ознакомление студентов с наиболее
важными
особенностями
структурно-семантического
строя
английского языка, что поможет им в дальнейшем сознательно
подходить к изучению лексики в практическом плане.
© Чеченский государственный университет
2
PLAN OF SEMINARS
1 INTRODUCTION
1. The Object of Lexcicology. Links of Lexicology with Other
Branches of Linguistics
2. Two Approaches to Language Study
3. The Course of Modern ENGLISH lexicology
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология
английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка М.
«Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта: Наука,
2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. – М., 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное пособие.
– Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс: http//:
library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И. В. Способы конструирования гендера в английской
фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И. В. Практический курс английской лексикологии =A
Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное пособие для студ.
Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. – Москва, Издательский центр
«Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В. Лексикология английского языка: Практикум.Флинта;
Наука,
2010.
(электронный
ресурс:
http//:
library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П. Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
Questions for self-control:
1 What does Lexicology study?
2. What do words consist of?
3. What is opposition as a type of semantic relations?
4. What is word – formation?
5. What is a morpheme?
6. What is the ideographic synonymy of meaning?
7. What are synonyms?
3
8. Lexicology is the branch of linguistics dealing with?
9. What is the pragmatic aspect of lexical meaning?
10. What are the main types of semantic relations?
Tasks:
1. Detrmine the original components of the following blends. Define
which type (additive or restrictive) the blends belong to.
2. Define which words have been combined to form the follpwing
computer terms. Give their meanings.
2 INTRODUCTION
1. Semasiology
2. Meaning as a Linguistic Notion
2.1. Referential or analytical definitions of meaning
2.2. Functional or contextual definitions of meaning
2.3. Operational or information-oriented definitions if meaning
3. Two approaches to the content facet of linguisti units. Naming
4. Types of meaning
5. Aspects of lexical meaning
Questions for self-control:
1. What Greek morphemes is the term “ Lexicology” composed of?
2. What is language?
3. What is meant by inclusion as a type of semantic relations?
4. What does the term ‘semantic center of the word’ denote?
5. What are the basic types of intralinguistic relations of words variants do
you know?
6. Greek morphemes is the term ‘homonyms’ composed of?
7. What is sound imitation?
8. What is word?
9. What is meant by the synonymic dominant?
10. What does the process of motivation depend on?
3 INTRODUCTION
1. Word-meaning and motivation
2. Causes, nature and results of semantic change
4
3. Polysemy
3.1. Diachronic and synchronic approaches to polysemy
3.2. Historical changeability of semantic structure
3.3. Polysemy and context. Types of context
4. Homonymy. Classification of homonyms
Questions for self-control:
1. What is semantic equivalence?
2. What types of linguistic contexts do you know?
3. In the production of plosive consonants the speech organs form a
complete obstruction which is then quickly released with?
4. Morphemes are?
5. What do we call antonyms?
6The word ‘piroshki’ was borrowed from?
7. What is a suffix?
8. Why is it difficult to define word?
9. What do words consist of?
10. What types of motivation exist?
Tasks:
1. Match the Russian words with their English equivalents: Russian or
English(писк, grumble …)
2. What serves as a word-formation means in the given pairs of words?
Stress these words
4 INTRODUCTION
1. Intralinguistic relations of words
2. Types of semantic relations
2.1. Proximity
2.2. Equivalence
2.3. Inclusion. Hoponymic Structures
2.4. Opposition
3. Semantic Classification of Words
3.1. Synonymy. Classification of Synonyms
3.2. Lexical and terminological sets, lexico-semantic groups and
semantic fields
3.3. Antonymy. Classification of antonyms
5
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка М.
«Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта:
Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. – М.,
2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное
пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И.В. Способы конструирования гендера в
английской фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И. В. Практический курс английской лексикологии
=A Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное пособие
для студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. – Москва,
Издательский центр «Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В. Лексикология английского языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П. Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
Questions for self-control:
1. What is the synonymic synonymy of meaning?
2. What are lexical sets?
3. What are terminological sets?
4. The word – combination ‘a bitter pill’ meaning ‘is?
5. What do we call root – morphemes?
6. The prefix fore- in the word foreknowledge means?
7. What is the difference between the diachronic and synchronic
approaches?
8. How is meaning defined on the functional basis?
9. What is a unit?
10. What is the difference between grammar and lexicology?
Tasks:
1. Define the etymology of the derivational affixes forming the given
words.
2. Add appropriate suffixes to the verbal bases to form words
corresponding to the meaning of the given sentences. Analyze the
6
valence of the verbal bases in termsof the suffixes they can be
combined with.
5 INTRODUCTION
Word-structure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Morphemes. Classification of morphemes
Types of meaning in morphemes
Morphemic types of words
Types of word-segmentability
Procedure of morphemic analysis
Questions for self-control:
1. What types of homonyms do you know?
2. The noun ‘look – see’ meaning ‘a brief look or inspection’ is ?
3. What is opposition as a type of semantic relations?
4. What are lexico – semantic variants?
5. What does the term ‘hyponym’ denote?
6. What is meant by ‘the distribution of the word’?
7. What does the term ‘context’ mean?
8. What is the essence of the operational approach to defining meaning?
9. What is sound imitation?
10. The American English word ‘purse’ corresponds in British English to
the word?
Tasks:
1. The prefix pre-making up the italicized words has two different
meanings. Write ‘X’ in the space provided if it means that one thing
happens before another. Write ‘Y’ if it means that something has
already been done.
2. Study the given words illustrating the fact that productivity of affixes
is a historical phenomenon. Explain what the derivational affixes
mean.
6 INTRODUCTION
1. Derivational structure
2. Derivational bases
7
3. Derivational affixes
4. Derivational patterns
5. Historical Changeability of word-structure
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н.
Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка М.
«Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта:
Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка – М., 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное
пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс: http//:
library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И. В. Способы конструирования гендера в английской
фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И. В. Практический курс английской лексикологии =A
Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное пособие для
студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. – Москва, Издательский
центр «Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина
В.В.
Лексикология
английского
языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс: http//:
library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П. Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
Questions for self-control:
1. What is meant by inclusion as a type of semantic relations?
2. What are lexical sets?
3. The source of the borrowed phraseological unit ‘the curse of Cai’
meaning ‘the lot or fate of somebody who has to live a vagabond life, who
wanders or is forced to move from place in a profitless way’ is?
4. What is by word – composition?
5. The lexical and grammatico – syntactical peculiarities of the text ‘The
waiting is over. Your time has come. NIB. Nurses In blue’ are typical of?
6What is a prefix?
7. What is the term “vocabulary” used to denote?
8. What is the ideographic - stylistic synonymy of meaning?
9. The Scottish English noun ‘leid’ used in the sentence ‘Linguistics is the
study of leid and how people use it’ means?
10. What is the morphological motivation?
8
Tasks:
1. Add appropriate suffixes to the verbal bases to form words
corresponding to the meaning of the given sentences. Analyze the
valence of the verbal bases in terms of the suffixes they can be
combined.
2. Define the etymology of the derivational affixes forming the given
words (risky (full of the possibility of danger, failure or loss)).
7 INTRODUCTION
Word-formation
1. Various types and ways of forming words
2. Affixation
2.1. Suffixation. Classification of Suffixes
2.2. Prefixation. Classification of Prefixes
3. Productive and Non-Productive Affixes
4. Etymology of derivational affixes
5. Valency of affixes and bases
Questions for self-control:
1. What is the denotational aspect of lexical meaning?
2. What is the connotational aspect of lexical meaning?
3. What is polysemy?
4. What is the significance of semasiology?
5. The word ‘ three’ is?
6. What is the semantic motivation?
7. The phraseological transference in the idiom ‘to be all ears’ meaning ‘to
be very eager to hear what someone is going to say’ is based on?
8. Greek morphemes is the term ‘homonyms’ composed of?
9. The synchronic approach to the study of language material is concerned
with?
0. What is the literal meaning of the term ‘synchronic’ which is Greek by
origin?
Tasks:
1. What serves as a word-formation means in the given pairs of words?
Stress these words (alternate (v) - alternate (adj).
2. Analyze the origin of the given pairs of words. State whether the
9
given word-pairs from the diachronic point of view are homonymous
or they are formed by means of conversion.
8 INTRODUCTION
1. Conversion. Typical semantic relations in conversion
2. Diachronic Approach to Conversion
3. Basic criteria of semantic derivation in conversion
4. Word-composition. Types of meaning of compound Words
5. Classification of compound words
6. Correltional types of compounds
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка М.
«Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта:
Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. –
Москва, 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное
пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И.В. Способы конструирования гендера в
английской фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И.В. Практический курс английской лексикологии
=A Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное пособие
для студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. – Москва,
Издательский центр «Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В. Лексикология английского языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П.: Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
Questions for self-control:
1. What is the synchronic approach concerned with?
2. What does the diachronic approach deal with?
3. What section is also traditionally included in a course of Lexicology?
4. What is semantic equivalence?
5. What is sound – interchange?
6. Lexicology has close ties with?
10
7. The diachronic approach to the study of language material deals with?
8. The association involved in the semantic change of the word ‘shark’ in
the sentence ‘ People who need a place to live can often find themselves at
the mercy of local property sharks’ is based on?
9. What is the semantic proximity of meaning?
10. The synonyms ‘teenager’ and ‘youth’ refer to?
Tasks:
1. Apply the criterion of derivational relations to define the derived
member in the given conversion pairs.
2. State the difference in meaning of the given compounds possessing
different distributional patterns. Find examples of your own.
9 INTRODUCTION
Etymology of the English word-stock
1. Origin of English Words
1.1. Words of native origin
1.2. Borrowed words
2. Assimilation of Borrowings
3. Influence of borrowings
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка М.
«Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта:
Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. –
Москва, 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное
пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс: http//:
library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И.В. Способы конструирования гендера в английской
фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И.В. Практический курс английской лексикологии
=A Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное пособие
для студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. – Москва,
Издательский центр «Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В.
Лексикология английского
языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
11
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П.: Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006г.
Questions for self-control:
1. What does the term ‘semantic center of the word’ denote?
2. The word ‘red – brick’ is a (n)?
3. The origin and source of borrowing of the word ‘carat’ ‘a unit of weight
for precious stones and pearls; a measure of the purity of gold’ are?
4. The verb ‘drag – draw’ are?
5. The phraseological unit ‘to get smb’s back up’ means?
6. What is meant by the synonymic dominant?
7. The Irish English verb ‘to cog’ used in the sentence ‘I wouldn’t let just
anybody cog exercise’ denotes?
8. The word ‘smoko’ meaning ‘a work break’ is used in?
9. The American English word ‘purse’ corresponds in British English to
the word?
10. The Lancashire dialectal word ‘judy’ used in the sentence ‘There are
12 boys and 15 judies in my son’s class’ means?
Tasks:
1. Subdivide the following words of native origin into: 1) words of
Indo-European origin; 2) words of Common Germanic origin; 3)
English words proper. In case of difficulty consult the Concise
Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology.
2. Give derivatives of the following words of native origin. In the case
of difficulty consult a dictionary.
10 INTRODUCTION
Word-Groups and prasiological units
1. Lexical and grammatical valency
2. Strycture and classification of word-groups
3. Types of meaning of word-groups
4. Motivation in word-groups
Questions for self-control:
1. The structural class to which the derivational base of the adjective ‘feel
12
– good’ refers is the class consisting of bases?
2. The words ‘heir – air’ refer to?
3. What are homonyms?
4. What types of homonyms do you know?
5. What relations are called paradigmatic?
6. What is semantic equivalence?
7. What are terminological sets?
8. What is blending?
9. What is meant by the part – of – speech meaning?
10. The word – combination ‘jealous of smb’s success’ is?
Tasks:
1. Arrange the word-groups according to there degree of their
motivation, starting with the highest (gay bird, beautiful bird, cold
hands, light supper, light hand ……).
2. State the difference in the grammatical valency of the five pairs of
words. Give their syntactic patterns.
11 INTRODUCTION
1. Free word-groups versus Praseological units versuswords
1.1. Structural criterion
1.2. Semantic criterion
1.3. Ssyntactic criterion
2. Semantic structure of phraseological units
3. Types of transference of phraseological units
4. Classification of phraseological units
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка М.
«Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта:
Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. –
Москва, 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное
пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И.В. Способы конструирования гендера в
13
английской фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И. В. Практический курс английской лексикологии
=A Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное пособие
для студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. – Москва,
Издательский центр «Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В. Лексикология английского языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П.: Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
Questions for self-control:
1. Why is the course of Modern English Lexicology of great practical
importance for the language learner?
2. Which meaning of the polysemantic adjective ‘barbaric’ is its primary
meaning?
3. What is the pragmatic aspect of lexical meaning?
4. What forms the object of study of Historical Lexicology ?
5. What does Descriptive Lexicology deal with?
6. What branches of linguistics does lexicology have close ties with?
7. What are the principal approaches in linguistic science to the study of
language material?
8. What is the literal meaning of the term ‘synchronic’ which is Greek by
origin?
9. What does Modern English Lexicology aim at?
10. What problems does Modern English Lexicology investigate?
Tasks:
1. What associations does the literal reading of the given phraseological
units evoke? Analyze the link between these associations and the
figurative meaning of the phraseological units.
2. State the communicative register of the given phraseological
units:formal, neutral, informal.
12 INTRODUCTION
Variants and dialects of the English language
1. The main variants of the English language
1.1. Variants of English in the United Kingdom
14
1.2. Variants of English outside the British Isles
2. Some peculiarities of British English and American English
3. Local dialects in Great Britain
4. Local dialects in the USA
5. Social
5.1. Gender issues
5.2. Occupational Varieties
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка
М. «Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта:
Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. –
Москва, 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное
пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И.В. Способы конструирования гендера в
английской фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И.В. Практический курс английской лексикологии
=A Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное
пособие для студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. –
Москва, Издательский центр «Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В. Лексикология английского языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П. Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
Questions for self-control:
1. What are terminological sets?
2. What Greek morphemes is the term ‘ Semasiology’ composed of?
3. What is the phonetical motivation?
4. What is the morphological motivation?
5. What is blending?
6. What is the semantic motivation?
7. What is the denotational aspect of lexical meaning?
8. What forms the object of study of Historical Lexicology?
9. What is acronymy?
15
10. What does the term ‘context’ mean?
Tasks:
1. Read the information about SouthernerRead more information about
the appearance of Estuary English. Discuss the reasons for its fast
spreding.
2. Read the information about Southerners and their speech and then
read the extract from the story The Man Who Saw the Flood written
by Richard Wright.
13 INTRODUCTION
English lexicography
1. Classification and types of dictionaries
2. Some of the main problems in lexicography
3. Types and common characteristics of learner’s dictionaries
4. Modern trends in English lexicography
4.1. Corpus-based lexicography
4.2. Computational lexicography. Electronic dictionaries
Sourses of information:
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. – М., 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского языка М.
«Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык, Флинта:
Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. –
Москва, 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учебное
пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И.В. Способы конструирования гендера в
английской фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И.В. Практический курс английской лексикологии
=A Practical Course in English Lexicology: Учебное пособие
для студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин. языков. – Москва,
Издательский центр «Академия», 2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В. Лексикология английского языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
16
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П. Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
Questions for self-control:
1. What is Lexicography?
2. Which meaning of the polysemantic adjective ‘barbaric’ is its primary
meaning?
3. What is shortening?
4. What is the synchronic approach concerned with?
5. What is the literal meaning of the term ‘diachronic’ which is Greek by
origin?
6. What is blending?
7. What is the literal meaning of the term ‘synchronic’ which is Greek by
origin?
8. Greek morphemes is the term ‘Onomasiological’ composed of?
9. What do we call root – morphemes?
10. What is meant by the grammatical meaning?
11. What is meant by the lexical meaning?
12. What is meant by the part – of – speech meaning?
13. What is the denotational aspect of lexical meaning?
14. What relations are called paradigmatic?
15. What are the main types of semantic relations variants do you know?
16. What are the main types of semantic relations?
17. What is the semantic proximity of meaning?
18. What is the synonymic synonymy of meaning?
19. What is the ideographic - stylistic synonymy of meaning?
20. What is meant by the synonymic dominant?
21. What are lexical sets?
22. What are terminological sets?
Tasks:
1. Classify the given dictionaries into two groups: a) encyclopedic
dictionaries; b) linguistic dictionaries.
2. Choose any three dictionaries and describe the principles of the
selection of lexical units for inclusion in these dictionaries.
17
Literature
1. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н.
Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. Пособие. –
Москва, 2004.
2. Антрушина Г.Б. и др. Лексикология английского
языка М. «Дрофа» 2001.
3. Антрушина Г.Б, Лексикология английский язык,
Флинта: Наука, 2002.
4. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского
языка. – Москва, 2003.
5. Бабич Г.Н. Лексикология английского языка:
Учебное пособие. – Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный
ресурс: http//: library.knigafund.ru)
6. Зыкова И. В. Способы конструирования гендера в
английской фразеологии. – Москва, 2003.
7. Зыкова И.В. Практический курс английской
лексикологии =A Practical Course in English Lexicology:
Учебное пособие для студ. Лингв. Вузов и фак. ин.
языков. – Москва, Издательский центр «Академия»,
2006. – 288 с.
8. Катермина В.В. Лексикология английского языка:
Практикум.- Флинта; Наука, 2010. (электронный ресурс:
http//: library.knigafund.ru)
9. Тарнаева Л.П. Тесты по лексике английского языка
(специальная литература по иностранным языкам) 2006 г.
18
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