ȼȿɋɐ, ɇȺɐɕəɇȺɅɖɇȺɃ ȺɄȺȾɗɆ,, ɇȺȼɍɄ ȻȿɅȺɊɍɋ, ʋ ɋȿɊɕə ɆȿȾɕɐɕɇɋɄȱɏ ɇȺȼɍɄ
ɄɅȱɇȱɑɇȺə ȱ ɗɄɋɉȿɊɕɆȿɇɌȺɅɖɇȺə ɆȿȾɕɐɕɇȺ
ɍȾɄ Ⱥ ȿ ȽɈɇɑȺɊɈȼ Ʌ ɉ ɌɂɌɈȼ ɂ ȼ ɊɈɆȺɇɈȼȺ
ȼ ȼ ɋɈɅɈȾɈȼɇɂɄɈȼȺ Ⱦ Ⱥ ȼȿɌɍɒɄɈ
ɋɈɋɌɈəɇɂȿ ɋɂɋɌȿɆɕ ɆɈɇɈɇɍɄɅȿȺɊɇɕɏ ɎȺȽɈɐɂɌɈȼ
ɆɈɇɈɐɂɌɈȼ ȾȿɇȾɊɂɌɇɕɏ ɄɅȿɌɈɄ ɍ ɉȺɐɂȿɇɌɈȼ
ɋ ɊȺɁɇɕɆɂ ɎɈɊɆȺɆɂ ɅȿɄȺɊɋɌȼȿɇɇɈɍɋɌɈɃɑɂȼɈȽɈ ɌɍȻȿɊɄɍɅȿɁȺ ɅȿȽɄɂɏ
Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɷɩɢɞɟɦɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ɇɢɧɫɤ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɶ
Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɩɭɥɶɦɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɮɬɢɡɢɚɬɪɢɢ Ɇɢɧɫɤ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɶ
ɉɨɫɬɭɩɢɥɚ ɜ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɸ ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ Ɍɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡ ɌȻ ± ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɟɤɰɢɹ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɚɹ 0 WXEHU
culosis Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɭɧɢɤɚɥɟɧ ɩɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɸ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɩɚɦ ɪɟɩɪɨ
ɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ
ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫɧɢɠɚɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɫɤɨɥɶɡɚɬɶ ɨɬ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ
ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɋ' Ɍɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɢɬɟɬɚ >@ ɂɧɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ M. tuberculosis ɫɨ
ɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬ±ɯɨɡɹɢɧ
ɫ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɵɯ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɟɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɣ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɨɤɨɹɳɢɯɫɹ
ɮɨɪɦ ɢɥɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɦɢɤɨɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɢ ɆȻɌ ɢɡ ɫɨɫɬɨ
ɹɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɨɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɆȻɌ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ
ɡɭɸɬ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɨ
ɫɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɸ ɝɟɧɨɜ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɡɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶ
ɬɚɬɟ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɌȻ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ
ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɤɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɵɯ ɥɢɦɮɨ
ɢɞɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ > @
ɌȻ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɣ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɵ Ɋɟɫ
ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɶ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɦ ɦɢɪɚ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɌȻ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚ
ɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɭɥɶɬɢɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɌȻ ɆɅɍ >@
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɤɥɟɬɤɢɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɢ ɦɨɧɨɛɥɚɫɬɵ ɩɪɨ
ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɵ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɵ Ɇɨ ɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɝɢ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɵɟ ɞɟɧɞɪɢɬɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ȾɄ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɫɬɟ
ɩɟɧɶɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɪɟɥɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɦɚɪɤɟɪɨɜ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɚɪɧɨɣ ɫɢɧɬɟ
ɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɢɧɮɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ >@
Ɇɨ ɢ ȾɄ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɛɥɢɡɤɨɪɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɤɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
Ʉ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɬɪɢ ɫɭɛɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ Ɇɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ &'&' ± &' Ɇɨ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ± Ɇɨ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɧɟɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ &'&'&' ± ɢ ɩɪɨɦɟ
ɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɟ &'&' Ɇɨ > @
ȼ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ȾɄ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ OLQ±+/$'5&'F&'GLP±ɦɢɟ
ɥɨɢɞɧɵɦɢ ɢ OLQ±+/$'5&'&'F± ɩɥɚɡɦɚɰɢɬɨɢɞɧɵɦɢ ȾɄ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɝɟɧɧɵ
ɩɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɭ > @ Ɍɚɤ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɤɚɤ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ ɞɜɟ ɫɭɛɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɦɢɟɥɨɢɞɧɵɯ ȾɄ ɦȾɄ Ȼɨɥɶ
ɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ &'F ɦȾɄ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɭ &'F %'&$ ɚ ɦɢ
ɧɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɭɛɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɟɣ ɦȾɄ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ &' %'&$ ȾɄ Ⱦɥɹ ɩɥɚɡɦɚɰɢɬɨɢɞɧɵɯ ȾɄ ɩȾɄ
ɬɢɩɢɱɧɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ &' %'&$ ɢ &' %'&$ ɱɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ
ɜ ɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɰɢɬɨɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ > @
ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɝɨɞɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ Ɇɨ ɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɝɨɜ ɢ ȾɄ ɛ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɚɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ
ɜ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɣ ɜɵɛɪɨɫ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɢɡ ɞɟɩɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɪɨɜɶ
ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ± ɱ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɜ ɨɱɚɝ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɢ
ɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɝɢ ɢ ȾɄ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ > @ Ɋɚɧɟɟ ɧɚɦɢ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɚɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɧɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɦ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɌȻ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɵɜɨɪɨɬɤɢ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ Ɍɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ > @
ɉɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɨɡɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɚɩɧɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɤɥɟ
ɬɨɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɢɬɨɝɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɬɢ
ɝɟɧɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ȺɉɄ ɱɬɨ ɢ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɯɪɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɢɧɮɟɤɰɢ
ɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɦ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɧɮɟɤɰɢɣ >±@ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ
ɪɨɥɶ ɩȾɄ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɂɇɎĮ ɩɪɨɞɭɰɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɢ ɌȻ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ
Ɇɨ ɢ ɦȾɄ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ
ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɧɨɦ ɢɦɦɭɧɢɬɟɬɟ ɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ
ɩɨ ɫɭɬɢ ɧɟɡɪɟɥɵɦɢ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɦɢɝɪɢɪɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɢɡ ɤɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɞɥɹ
ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ
ɫɨɦ ɫ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɷɬɚɩɨɦ ɜ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɢɦɦɦɭɧɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɟ
ɡɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɢ
ɐɟɥɶɸ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɥɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɮɟ
ɧɨɬɢɩɚ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ Ɇɨ ɦȾɄ ɢ ɩȾɄ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ
ɦɨȾɄ ɢ ɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɦɨȾɄ ɡɪɦɨȾɄ ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɡ Ɇɨ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɚ
ɦɢ ɆɅɍ ɌȻ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɞɜɟ
ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɆɅɍ ɌȻ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɜ Ɋɇɉɐ ɩɭɥɶɦɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɮɬɢɡɢɚɬɪɢɢ
ɫ ɹɧɜɚɪɹ ɩɨ ɨɤɬɹɛɪɶ ɝ ɉɟɪɜɭɸ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɢ
ɥ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɵ
ɰ
ɫ ɥɟɝɤɢɦ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɟɱɟɧɢ
ɟɦ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɆɅɍ ɌȻ ɂɌ ɜɬɨɪɭɸ ± ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɫ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɦ ɤɥɢ
ɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɮɢɛɪɨɡɧɨɤɚɜɟɪɧɨɡɧɨɝɨ ɆɅɍ ɌȻ ɎɄɌ Ⱦɢɚɝɧɨɡ ɆɅɍ ɌȻ ɜɵɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ
ɢɡ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɆȻɌ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟ
ɧɢɹ ȾɇɄ ɢɡ ɦɨɤɪɨɬɵ ɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɚ
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ɱɢɧ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɥɟɬ
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ȾɄ ɨɬɛɢɪɚɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɟɧɨɬɢɩɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪ ȾɄ ɜ ɥɭɧɤɢ ɩɨ
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ɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɵɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɦȾɄ ɢ ɩȾɄ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩȾɄ
ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɯ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɨ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ
ɂɌȻ ± >±@āɦɥ ɎɄɌ ± >±@āɦɥ Ʉ ± >±@āɦɥ
Ɋ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɦȾɄ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɥ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɨɬɥɢ
ɱɢɣ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ H Ɋ ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɤ ɟɝɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɪɢɫ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɦȾɄ ɢ ɩȾɄ ɦȾɄɩȾɄ
ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɦȾɄ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩȾɄ ɜ ɪɚɡɚ ɭ ɩɚ
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ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɣ ɨɬ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɥɚ Ɋ ɬɚɛɥ Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ ɂɦɦɭɧɨɮɟɧɨɬɢɩ ɧɟɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɞɟɧɞɪɢɬɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ
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ɫ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɎɄɌ ± >±@ Ʉ ± >±@ Ɋ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ
ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɂɌ ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɎɄɌ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɂɌ ± >±@
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ɢ ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɦɢ +/$ 7ɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɵɦ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɦ ɚɞɝɟɡɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ
ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɢɧɚɩɫ ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɤɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ &'
ɢ &' ɧɚ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɯ ɢ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɚɧɬɢɝɟɧɚ ɛɟɡ ɫɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ
ɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɚɧɟɪɝɢɢ Ɍɥɢɦɮɨɰɢɬɨɜ ȼɚɠɧɟɣɲɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɤɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ
ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɧɨɦ ɢɦɦɭɧɢɬɟɬɟ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ >@
Ⱦɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ +/$'5 ɧɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜ
ɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɚ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ
ɂɌ ± >±@ ɭɫɥ ɟɞ ɎɄɌ ± >±@ Ʉ ± >±@ ɭɫɥ ɟɞ Ɋ ɗɤɫ
ɩɪɟɫɫɢɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɧɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɨɬ ɬɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɥɢɰ
ȼ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɯɟɦɨɤɢɧɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ &' &&5
ɢ &' &;&5 ɗɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɚ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɫ ɂɌ ɬɚɤ
ɢ ɫ ɎɄɌ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɂɌ ± >±@ ɎɄɌ ± >±@ Ʉ ± >±@
Ɋ Ⱦɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ
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ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ȾɄ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɟɬ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɭ &' &;&5 ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɢɯ ɯɟɦɨɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɧɨ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɯ ɫɨɡɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ >±@
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ɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɜ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɯɟɦɨɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɨɜ
Ɏɟɧɨɬɢɩɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɡɪɦɨȾɄ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɦɚɪɤɟɪɚɦ ɤɨɫɬɢɦɭ
ɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' &' ɦɚɪɤɟɪ ɡɪɟɥɵɯ ȾɄ ± &' ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚ ɦɟɠɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɚɞɝɟɡɢɢ
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Ɉɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɂɌ ɢ ɎɄɌ ɜ ɫɪɚɜ
ɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ Ɋ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɷɬɨɣ
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ Ɋ ɉɪɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɞɨ
ɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ Ɋ ! ɉɚɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɞɨ
ɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ
Ɋ ɂɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɂɌ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚ
ɥɚɫɶ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɎɄɌ
ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɂɌ ± >±@ ɭɫɥ ɟɞ ɎɄɌ ± >±@ Ʉ ± >±@ ɭɫɥ ɟɞ Ɋ ɢ Ɋ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫ
ɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɦɟɠɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɚɞɝɟɡɢɢ &' ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɎɄɌ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɚɧɚɥɨ
ɝɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɂɌ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɂɌ ± >±@ ɭɫɥ ɟɞ ɎɄɌ ± >±@ Ʉ ± >±@ ɭɫɥ ɟɞ Ɋ ɢ Ɋ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɮɟɧɨɬɢɩɚ ɦɨȾɄ ɢ ɡɪɦɨȾɄ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɢ ɭ ɡɞɨɪɨ
ɜɵɯ ɥɢɰ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɧɚ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɹ ɦɚɪɤɟɪɨɜ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨ
ɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɚ ± ʋ ɢ ʋ ɪɢɫ ȼ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪ ʋ ɩɨɩɚɥɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢ
ɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɚ ɜ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪ ʋ ± ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬ
ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɥɟɬ
ɤɚɦɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɨ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɡɪɦɨȾɄ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ
ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɚɩɨɩɬɨɡɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ
ɚɧɧɟɤɫɢɧ 9 ɤɨɧɴɸɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɮɥɭɨɪɟɫɰɟɢ
ɧɢɡɨɬɢɨɰɢɚɧɚɬɨɦ >@ ȼ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɡɪɦɨȾɄ ɥɢɰ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ >±@
$QQH[LQ9 ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɚɩɨɩɬɨɡɚ ɱɬɨ
ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɦ
ɤ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɦ ȾɄ ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɡɪ
ɦɨȾɄ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɭ
ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɚɩɨɩɬɨɬɢɱ
ɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ >±@ ± ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɂɌ
>±@ ± ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɎɄɌ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɞɨ
ɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ Ɋ Ɋɢɫ Ʉɥɚɫɬɟɪɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪ ɦɨȾɄ
ɢ Ɋ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɩɨɩɬɨ
ɬɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɜ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɯ ɡɪɦɨȾɄ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɗɬɨ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬ
ɫɥɚɛɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɧɚ ɎɇɈĮ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɟɧ ɤɚɤ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚ
ɳɚɬɶ ɚɩɨɩɬɨɡ ȾɄ > @
ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ȾɄ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɦɨ
ɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ
ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɝɢɛɟɥɶɸ ȺɉɄ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɚɩɨɩɬɨɡɚ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ ɢɫɫɥɟ
ɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɟɣ ȺɉɄ ɜ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɭɸ ɬɤɚɧɶ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɟɦɵ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɵɟ ɥɢɦɮɨ
ɢɞɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ
ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɦɢɟɥɨɢɞɧɵɯ ɢ ɥɢɦɮɨɢɞɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ
ɜ ȾɄ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɦɢɟɥɨɫɭɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɫɢɫɬɟɧɰɢɟɣ ɆȻɌ ɜ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɯ ɤɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɢ ɢɫ
ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɌȻ ɯɢɦɢɨɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɚɦɢ
ɇɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɮɟɧɨɬɢɩɚ ȺɉɄ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɦɢɲɟɧɶɸ
ɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ Ʉ ɫɨɠɚɥɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɮɚɪɦɚɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ
ɰɟɥɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ȾɄ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɟɟ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɧɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ H[ YLYR ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ
ȾɄ ɢɡ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ɇɨ ɫɬɜɨɥɨɜɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɢɯ ɩɪɚɣɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɧɬɢɝɟɧɚɦɢ ɆȻɌ
ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɪɟɢɧɮɭɡɢɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɭ Ɍɚɤ ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ
ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɹɥɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɢ ± ɜ ɤɨɧɬ
ɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɫ ɆɅɍɌȻ ɂɡ Ɇɨ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɥɢ ȾɄ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɚɣɦɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɚɧɬɢɝɟ
ɧɚɦɢ ɚɭɬɨɲɬɚɦɦɨɜ ɆȻɌ ɢ ɜɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɬɪɟɯɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɠɭ ɦɟɞɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɥɟ
ɱɶɹ ɇɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɨ ɯɨɪɨɲɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ȾɄ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɨɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ
ɧɨɪɦɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɭɥɚ ɚɧɬɢɝɟɧɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ Ɍɥɢɦɮɨɰɢɬɨɜ
ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɱɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɸ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɧɨ
ɝɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ > @
Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ȺɉɄ
ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧ ɢɯ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɮɟɧɨɬɢɩ
ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɹɜɢɥɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ Ɇɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨ
ɜɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ Ɇɨ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɂɌ ɢ ɎɄɌ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ
ɫɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɟɣ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɱɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɟɡɪɟɥɨɫɬɶ
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɥ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɩɨɩɭɥɹ
ɰɢɣ Ɇɨ ɤɚɤ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟ ɌȻ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɟɯ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɣ Ɇɨ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚ
ɬɭɪɟ > @
ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɚɛ
ɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɩȾɄ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɦȾɄ ɜ ɤɪɨ
ɜɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɧɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨ ɨɬ ɬɚɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɭ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ
ɷɬɢɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɨ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟ
ɨɛɥɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɦȾɄ ɧɚɞ ɩȾɄ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɭ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɩȾɄ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɬ ɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɪɹɞɟ ɢɫ
ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ >±@
ɇɚɦɢ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɚ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɹ ȾɄ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ± ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɞɥɹ ɮɭɧɤ
ɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȺɉɄ ɤɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ &' % &' % ɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɦɟɠɤɥɟ
ɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɚɞɝɟɡɢɢ &' ,&$0 Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ
ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ȾɄ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɢ &'
ɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɯ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ȾɄ
ɍ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɌȻ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɤɢ Ɇɨ ɜ ȾɄ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ
ɜ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɫɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ &'D &' &'
ɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ +/$'5
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɦɨȾɄ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞ
ɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɯɟɦɨɬɚɤɫɢɱɟ
ɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɨɜ
ɉɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɆɅɍɌȻ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ
ɫɨɡɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨȾɄ ɫɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ &' ɢ &'
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɢɦ
ɦɭɧɨɮɟɧɨɬɢɩɚ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɬɢɩɨɜ ȺɉɄ
ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɆȻɌ ɫ ȺɉɄ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟ ɌȻ
Ɇɨ ɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɝɢ ɢ ȾɄ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɡɚɯɜɚɬ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɢɥɥɢɧɝ ɆȻɌ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɢɯ ɚɧ
ɬɢɝɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɦ ȽɄɋ ,, ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɢɧɢɰɢɢɪɭɹ Ɍɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɵɣ
ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɇɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɯɟɦɨɬɨɤɫɢ
ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɫɨɡɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ȾɄ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɤɢɥɥɢɧɝɚ ɆȻɌ ɢ ɚɧɬɢɝɟɧɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ
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ɊȿɎȿɊȺɌɕ
ɍȾɄ Ƚɨɧɱɚɪɨɜ Ⱥ ȿ Ɍɢɬɨɜ Ʌ ɉ Ɋɨɦɚɧɨɜɚ ɂ ȼ ɋɨɥɨɞɨɜɧɢɤɨɜɚ ȼ ȼ ȼɟɬɭɲɤɨ Ⱦ Ⱥ ɋɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɞɟɧɞɪɢɬɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ
ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɝɨ ɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɚ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ȼɟɫɰɿ ɇȺɇ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɿ ɋɟɪ ɦɟɞ ɧɚɜɭɤ ʋ ɋ ±
ɂɡɭɱɟɧɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɭɛɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɧɭɤɥɟɚɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɝɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɉɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧ
ɬɨɜ ɫ ɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɨɦ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɥɚɡɦɚɰɢɬɨɢɞɧɵɯ ɞɟɧɞɪɢɬɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ȾɄ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɚ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɧɨɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɦɢɟɥɨɢɞɧɵɯ ȾɄ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ
ɱɬɨ ȾɄ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɥɚɛɨ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &' ɢ &' ȼɵɹɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɥɚɛɚɹ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɚɪ
ɧɵɯ ȾɄ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɨɦ Ɍɚɤɢɟ ȾɄ ɫɥɚɛɨ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ &'D &' ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɭ
&;& ɱɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɤ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɤɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɚɧɬɢɝɟɧɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɯɟɦɨɬɚɤɫɢɫɚ ɉɨ
ɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɨɦ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɚɪɧɵɟ ȾɄ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɬɟ
ɩɟɧɶɸ ɚɩɨɩɬɨɡɚ ɱɟɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɥɢɰ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ
Ɍɚɛɥ ɂɥ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪ ± ɧɚɡɜ
ɍȾɄ Ʉɪɚɜɱɟɧɤɨ ȿ ȼ ɉɨɧɬɟɥɟɟɜɚ ɂ ȼ ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɞɢɩɟɩɬɢɞɚ /HXí3UR
3UR
UR K\GURFKORULGHH ɧɚ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɪ
ɪɟɚɤɪɟɚɤ
ɰɢɢ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɛɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɭ ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɤɪɵɫ :LVWDU ȼɟɫɰɿ ɇȺɇ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɿ ɋɟɪ ɦɟɞ
ɧɚɜɭɤ ʋ ɋ ±
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɥɢɧɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣ ɞɢɩɟɩɬɢɞ /HX±3UR K\GURFKORULGH ɢ ɦɝɤɝ ɜɛ ɜ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɟ
ɍɊɉɂ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ undertraining ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɟ ɨɛɥɟɝ
ɱɚɸɳɟɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɭ ɧɟɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɢ ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɚɭɬɛɪɟɞɧɵɯ ɤɪɵɫ :LVWDU ɐɟ
ɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ /HX±3UR K\GURFKORULGH ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɨɨɬɪɨɩɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ
Ɍɚɛɥ ɂɥ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪ ± ɧɚɡɜ
ɍȾɄ @
Ⱦɟɜɹɥɬɨɜɫɤɚɹ Ɇ Ƚ ɉɪɨɝɧɨɡ ɩɫɢɯɨɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ȼɟɫɰi ɇȺɇ Ȼɟɥɚ
ɪɭɫi ɋɟɪ ɦɟɞ ɧɚɜɭɤ ʋ ɋ ±
ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɤɥɢɧɢɤɨɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɦ ɰɟɪɟɛɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɚɪɚɥɢɱɨɦ Ⱦɐɉ
ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɦɫɹ Ⱦɐɉ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɢ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɥɟɝɤɨɣ ɢ ɫɪɟɞ
ɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɦɟɫ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ Ⱦɐɉ
ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɦɫɹ Ⱦɐɉ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɣ ɛɚɥɥ ɩɫɢɯɨɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɦɟɫ ɛɵɥ ɧɢɠɟ ɧɨɪ
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ɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɥɟɝɤɨɣ ɢ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɫɪɚɜɧɟ
ɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɥɚɫɶ ɉɨɞɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɰɟɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ
ɤ ɦɟɫɹɱɧɨɦɭ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɭ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɥɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɨɬɫɬɚɜɚ
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